The iPhone Effect: The Quality of In-Person Social Interactions in the Presence of Mobile Devices
Misra, Cheng, Genevie & Yuan (2014) · Environment and Behavior, 48(2) — online 2014, in print 2016
We use this paper in 1 place in the academy · 1 stated limit
What the study found
This is our own view. The closest study observed 100 pairs having ten-minute conversations. Pairs with a phone on the table or in a hand rated the conversation lower and reported less empathy than pairs with no phone in sight.
What the study cannot prove
This was a study of 100 pairs having ten-minute conversations in real settings. The researchers chose the subject of each conversation, but they only observed whether a phone was out, so that part shows a link and not a cause. The study measures the quality of the conversation and how much empathy people reported. It says nothing about waiting for a reply, or about where a phone should go.
Limits we note on the exercises
That study is about a phone being present during a conversation, and the researchers observed the phones. They did not assign them. It does not test the wait after a text, ninety minutes, or another room. Those parts are ours.
Where we use it
We use this paper in 1 place in the academy. If the paper turned out to be wrong, we would have to change everything in this list. Some of the exercise instructions below are part of Gold. You can read every finding for free.
In the topics · 1
Other papers used in the same places
These papers are used in the same topics and videos as this one. That does not mean the papers agree with each other. It only means that the same exercises use both.
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Huang, Yeomans, Brooks, Minson & Gino (2017)Online Pauses and Silence: Chronemic Expectancy Violations in Written Computer-Mediated Communication
Kalman & Rafaeli (2011)Undervaluing Gratitude: Expressers Misunderstand the Consequences of Showing Appreciation
Kumar & Epley (2018)Post-Event Processing in Social Anxiety
Rachman, Grüter-Andrew & Shafran (2000)Our opinion
Our own opinion. We think it works. We can't prove it, so we say so instead of pretending.
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