Pupil Dilation as an Index of Preferred Mutual Gaze Duration
Binetti, Harrison, Coutrot, Johnston & Mareschal (2016) · Royal Society Open Science, 3(7)
Relied on in 4 places across the academy · 2 stated limits
What it found
Across nearly 500 participants, the average preferred duration of mutual gaze was 3.3 seconds — considerably longer than most anxious people assume is welcome.
Across nearly 500 participants, the average preferred length of mutual gaze was about 3.3 seconds — longer than an anxious flinch allows, far shorter than a stare.
What it does not show
Video faces on a screen rather than live conversation, and preferences varied widely between individuals. 3.3 seconds is an average, not a target.
And where we carry it further
Measured with video faces on a screen, not live conversation, and preferences varied widely between individuals.
Measured with videoed faces on screens, not live conversation.
Where we rely on it
4 places in the academy. If this paper turned out to be wrong, this is the list that would have to change. Some of the instructions below are part of Gold; none of the findings are.
In the curriculum · 2
In the films · 1
On the courage ladder · 1
Cited alongside it
Papers that sit under the same topics and films. Not a claim that they agree with each other — only that the same exercises lean on both.
A Cognitive Model of Social Phobia
Clark & Wells (1995)Maximizing Exposure Therapy: An Inhibitory Learning Approach
Craske, Treanor, Conway, Zbozinek & Vervliet (2014)If You Need Help, Just Ask: Underestimating Compliance With Direct Requests for Help
Flynn & Lake (2008)Mistakenly Seeking Solitude
Epley & Schroeder (2014)The Spotlight Effect in Social Judgment
Gilovich, Medvec & Savitsky (2000)It Doesn't Hurt to Ask: Question-Asking Increases Liking
Huang, Yeomans, Brooks, Minson & Gino (2017)Research
A real study. We tell you what it found, how many people were in it, and what it can't prove.
Free to read, link to and quote. If we have carried this paper further than it goes, say so at contact@suaviq.com — corrections to this registry are the most useful mail we get.